ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF POLLUTANTS

コース情報

評価方法

詳細情報

スケジュール

1. "Chemical pollution and the modern society" Three components of risk assessment of chemicals, toxicity information, exposure assessment and the risk characterization will be explained.
2. "Adverse effects of chemicals to the human health and the ecosystem (1)" Introduction to environmental toxicology: The (eco-) toxicity experiments in various forms will be introduced, and the statistical endpoints will be described.
3. "Adverse effects of chemicals to the human health and the ecosystem (2)" The basic standard framework of environmental risk assessment of chemicals will be tutored. How these technological frame is relevant for regulation of chemicals are also duscussed.
4. "Mechanisms and effect evaluation of carcinogenesis" Introduction to mechanisms of developng tumor cells in human body. The genotoxicity and mutagenicity are also referred to.
5. "Quantitative environmental risk assessment (cancer risk)" The probabilistic risk assessment will be systematically introduced with special reference to carcinogenicity.
6. Session of debate and presentation on study issues (practice of active learning)
7. "Bioaccumulation of chemicals" The process and outcome of accumulation of chemicals in human and organisms' body are described. The chemical properties which characterize bioaccumulativity are also explained.
8. "Global environmental pollution by heavy metals and POPs" Various kinds of toxic effects of heavy metals are explained. The widespread distribution of POPs in oceans and its international measure will be introduced.
9. "Compound effect of multiple chemicals" In the real environments multiple chemicals are emitted to the same place (or environmental media) and time. Compound effects of chemicals, which may interact to facilitate their toxicities, are one of the major concerns in toxicology. The basic modelling framework will be covered by this lecture as regard to prediction of mixture effects of pollutants and their efficient measure.
10. Session of debate and presentation on study issues (practice of active learning)
11. "Ecosystem effect of agro-chemicals and detergents" Various agro-chemicals, like insecticides, fungicide, and herbicides, and detergents, which are the major active ingredients in many house hold care products. Their chemical structure and modes of action causing the toxicit effects.
12. "Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) distorting sex and reproduction" What is the EDCs? How do EDCs excerbate wildlife populations and human health? Newly-developed screening methods to detect EDCs will be introduced, and efficient risk assessment methods based on ecological approach will be explained.
13. "Ecological risk assessment at the level of populations and communities" The ultimate protection goal in ecotoxicology is to protect wildlife populations and ecosystem against chemical pollution. However, this field of science has been hampered by technological and conceptual hardships. This lecture will outlook recent development and continuing attempts of ecological risk assessment by means of ecological modelling procedures. In addition, two alternative methods of novel ecological risk assessment methods, the SSD (species sensitivity distribution) amd the WET (whole effluent toxicity) test, will be briefly explaied. These methods are currently under progress towards implementation into the relulatory frame of chemicals.
14. Session of debate and presentation on study issues (practice of active learning)