ACTION RESEARCH

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1. Introduction 1) What is action research and why is it needed? 2) Understanding the importance of investigating the teaching and learning empirically
2. Reflective approaches to teaching and learning - awareness-raising practice 1) Reflecting on our own experience of LEARNING a foreign language. 2) Reflecting on our own experience of TEACHING a foreign language
3. Problematising 1) Record our own experience of teaching a foreign language 2) Share the outcome with classmates
4. Formulating research questions and finding out tentative solutions 1) Through discussion, come up with tentative solutions to solving the problems that we have identified. 2) Putting them in the form of hypotheses and alternative hypotheses 3) Introduction to literature review
5. Designing and scheduling the research 1) Single case study 2) One group pretest - post-test design 3) Pre-test - post-test control group design 4) Quasi-experimental design
6. Experiencing the research - Diary studies 1) Gathering data 2) Analysing diaries to examine language development and affective factors of learners
7. Diary studies (continued)
8. Literature search - an introduction 1) Summarising and presenting the result of the data analysis 2) Writing a report of an empirical research study
9. Research method 1 - Interviews 1) Types and purposes of interviewing 2) Drawing up an interview schedule 3) Preparing interview questions
10. Research method 1 - Interviews (continued) 1) Conducting interviews 2) Analysing interview data
11. Research method 2 - Questionnaires 1) Types of questionnaire items 2) Designing a questionnaire 3) Constructing a questionnaire
12. Research method 2 - Questionnaires (continued) 1) Carrying out a pilot questionnaire 2) Revising questionnaires 3) Compiling the questionnaire data
13. Analysing the quantitative data 1 1) Basic statistics 1 2) Mean, Median, Mode, Standard Deviation, etc.
14. Analysing the quantitative data 1 (continued) 1) Basic statistics 2 2) Standardized scores - Z scores, T scores, and 'Hensachi'
15. Analysing the quantitative data 2 1) Inferential statistics 1 2) Chi-square
16. Analysing the quantitative data 2 (continued) 1) Inferential statistics 2 2) t-test (comparing means)
17. Analysing the quantitative data 2 (continued) 1) Inferential statistics 3 2) Correlation analyses (examining relationships)
18. Research method 3 - Observations 1) Recording classroom events 2) Analysing the record
19. Research method 3 - Observations (continued) 1) Experiencing observation studies 2) Taking fields notes
20. Independent study 1 1) Finding your own research topic 2 Problematising - formulating research questions - finding out the appropriate research method
21. Independent study 2 1) Identifying the relevant literature 2) Summarising the findings of the previous research studies
22. Presentation 1 1) Sharing your topic with the classmates to receive feedback from them 1
23. Presentation 1 (continued) 2) Sharing your topic with the classmates to receive feedback from them 2
24. Writing a research paper 1 1) Introduction to genre analysis 2) Analysing the structure and the style of a research paper
25. Writing a research paper 2 1) Writing an Abstract 2) Producing a Reference list
26. Qualities of good research 1 1) Validity 2) Reliability 3) Trustworthiness 4) Dependability 5) Triangulation
27. Qualities of good research 2 1) Research ethics 2) Getting an access to the research site
28. Presentation 2 3) Presenting an interim report